Paper: English Essay (100 Marks)
Candidates will be required to write one or more Essay in English. A wide choice
of topics will be given.
Candidates are expected to reflect comprehensive and research-based
knowledge on a selected topic. Candidate’s articulation, expression and
technical treatment of the style of English Essay writing will be examined.
English (Precis and Composition)
Paper: English (Precis and Composition) (100
Marks)
The examination in this subject will be based upon a paper carrying 100 marks to Test the
candidate’s abilities to handle Precis Writing, Reading Comprehension, Sentence
Structuring, Translation, Grammar and Vocabulary, etc.
• Precis Writing (20 marks)
A careful selected passage with an orientation of generic understanding and enough
flexibility for compression shall be given for précising and suggesting an appropriate title.
Out of the total 20 marks allocated to this question, 15 shall go to précising the text and 5 to
suggesting the title.
• Reading Comprehension (20 marks)
A carefully selected passage that is rich in substance but not very technical or disciplinespecific shall be given, followed by five questions, each carrying 4 marks.
• Grammar and Vocabulary (20 marks)
Correct usage of Tense, Articles, Prepositions, Conjunctions, Punctuation, Phrasal Verbs,
Synonyms and Antonyms etc.
• Sentence Correction (10 marks)
The sentences shall be given each having a clear structural flaw in terms of grammar or
punctuation. The candidates shall be asked to rewrite them with really needed correction
only, without making unnecessary alterations. No two or more sentences should have
exactly the same problem, and 2-3 sentences shall be based on correction of punctuation
marks.
• Grouping of Words (10 marks)
A random list of twenty words of moderate standard (neither very easy nor utterly unfamiliar)
shall be given, to be grouped by the candidates in pairs of those having similar or opposite
meaning, as may be clearly directed in the question.
• Pairs of Words (10 marks)
Ten pairs shall be given of seemingly similar words with different meanings, generally
confused in communication, for bringing out the difference in meaning of any five of them by
first explaining them in parenthesis and then using them in sentences.
• Translation (10 marks)
Ten short Urdu sentences involving structural composition, significant terms and
figurative/idiomatic expressions shall be given, to be accurately translated into English.
Paper: General Science & Ability (100 Marks)
Part-I (General Science) 60 Marks
I. Physical Sciences
• Constituents and Structure: -Universe, Galaxy, Light Year, Solar System, Sun,
Earth, Astronomical System of Units.
• Process of Nature: – Solar and Lunar Eclipses, Rotation and Revolution,
Weather Variables (Global Temperature, Pressure, Circulation, Precipitation,
Humidity) and Weather Variations.
• Natural Hazards and Disasters: – Earth Quake, Volcanic Eruption, Tsunami,
Floods, Avalanche, Travelling Cyclone (Tropical Cyclone, Middle Latitude
Cyclone and Tornadoes), Drought, Wildfire, Urban Fire. Disaster Risk
Management.
• Energy Resources: – Sources of Energy (Renewable i.e. LED Energy, Solar
Energy, Wind Energy and Non-Renewable Energy conservation and its
sustainable use.
• Atomic Structure, Chemical Bonding, Electromagnetic Radiations.
• Modern Materials/Chemicals: – Ceramics, Plastics, Semiconductors. Antibiotics,
Vaccines, Fertilizers, Pesticides.
II. Biological Sciences
• The Basis of Life: – Cell Structures and Functions (Subcellular Organelles such
as Nucleus, Mitochondria and Ribosomes).
• Biomolecules: – Proteins, Lipids, Carbohydrates and Enzymes.
• Plant and Animal Kingdom: – A brief survey of plant and animal kingdom to
pinpoint similarities and diversities in nature.
• A Brief Account of Human Physiology.
• Common Diseases and Epidemics: – Polio, Diarrhea, Malaria, Hepatitis,
Dengue their Causes and Prevention.
• New Model Concept of Producing BIO Fuel Method
III. Environmental Science
• Environment: – The Atmosphere (Layered Structure and Composition),
Hydrosphere (Water Cycle, Major Water Compartments), Biosphere (Major
Biomes) and Lithosphere (Minerals and Rocks, Rock Types, Plate Tectonics).
• Atmospheric Pollution: – Types, Sources, Causes and effects of major air
pollutants (COx, Particulate Matter, NOx, SOx, Tropospheric Ozone, Volatile
Organic Compounds, Dioxins). Regional and Global air pollution issues (Acidrain, Ozone Depletion, Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming). International
agreements on air pollution control (Montreal Protocol and Kyoto Protocol).
• Water Pollution: – Types, sources, causes and effects of major water pollutants
(Synthetic Organic Chemicals, Oxygen Demanding Wastes, Plant Nutrients,
Thermal Pollution, Infectious Agents, Sediments, Radioactivity, Heavy Metals and
Acids). Drinking water quality and standards.
• Land Pollution: – Solid waste management and disposal.
• Role of Remote Sensing and GIS in Environmental Science.
• Population Planning.
IV. Food Science
• Concept of Balance Diet: – Vitamins, Carbohydrates, Protein, Fats and oil,
Minerals, Fiber.
• Quality of Food: – Bioavailability of Nutrients, Appearance, Texture, Flavor,
Quality of Packed and Frozen Food, Food Additives, Preservatives and
Antioxidants
• Food Deterioration and its Control: – Causes of Food Deterioration,
Adulteration, Food Preservation.
V. Information Technology
• Computer (Hardware & Software Fundamentals); I/O Processing and data
storage, Networking & Internet Standards, Application and business Software,
Social Media Websites. Information Systems. Fundamentals of artificial
intelligence.
• Telecommunications: – Basics of Wireless Communication (Mobile, Satellite,
Surveillance and GPS and Fiber Optic etc.
Part-II (General Ability) 40 Marks
VI. Quantitative Ability/Reasoning
• Basic Mathematical Skills.
• Concepts and ability to reasons quantitatively and solve problems in a
quantitative setting.
• Basic Arithmetic, Algebra and Geometry (Average, Ratios, Rates, Percentage,
Angles, Triangles, Sets, Remainders, Equations, Symbols, Rounding of Numbers
• Random Sampling
VII. Logical Reasoning and Analytical Reasoning/Ability
• Logical Reasoning includes the process of using a rational, systematic series of
steps based on sound mathematical procedures and given statements to arrive at
a conclusion
• Analytical Reasoning/Ability includes visualizing, articulating and solving both
complex and uncomplicated problems and concepts and making decisions that
are sensible based on available information, including demonstration of the ability
to apply logical thinking to gathering and analyzing information.
VIII. Mental Abilities
• Mental Abilities Scales that measures specific constructs such as verbal,
mechanical, numerical and social ability.
Paper: Current Affairs (100 Marks)
Candidates will be expected to display such general knowledge of history, politics and
International Affairs, as deemed necessary to interpret current affairs.
I. Pakistan’s Domestic Affairs (20 marks)
▪ Political
▪ Economic
▪ Social
II. Pakistan’s External Affairs (40 marks)
▪ Pakistan’s relations with its Neighbors (India, China, Afghanistan, Russia)
▪ Pakistan’s relations with the Muslim World (Iran, Saudi Arabia, Indonesia,
Turkey)
▪ Pakistan’s relations with the United States
▪ Pakistan’s relations with Regional and International Organizations (UN,
SAARC, ECO, OIC, WTO, GCC)
III. Global Issues (40 marks)
▪ International Security
▪ International Political Economy
▪ Human Rights
▪ Environment: Global Warming, Kyoto Protocol, Copenhagen Accord
▪ Population: world population trends, world population policies
▪ Terrorism and Counter Terrorism
▪ Global Energy Politics
▪ Nuclear Proliferation and Nuclear Security
▪ Nuclear Politics in South Asia
▪ International Trade (Doha Development Round and Bali Package)
▪ Cooperation and Competition in Arabian Sea, Indian and Pacific Oceans.
▪ Millennium Development Goals, Current Status
▪ Globalization
▪ Middle East Crisis
▪ Kashmir Issue
▪ Palestine Issue
Paper: Pakistan Affairs (100 Marks)
I. Ideology of Pakistan — definition and elucidation, historical aspects: Muslim rule
in the Sub-Continent, its downfall and efforts for Renaissance. Movements for
reforms– Shaikh Ahmad Sarhindi, Shah Waliullah, Sayyid Ahmad Shaheed,
Aligarh, Deoband, Nadwah, and other educational institutions Sindh Madrassah
and Islamia College Peshawar. Ideology of Pakistan in the light of Speeches and
statements of Allama Iqbal and Quaid- i Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah.
II. Land and people of Pakistan ——- Geography, Society, Natural resources,
Agriculture, Industry and education with reference to characteristics, trends and
problems.
III. Pakistan and Changing Regional Apparatus
IV. Nuclear Program of Pakistan, its Safety and Security; International Concerns
V. Regional Cooperation Organizations (SAARC, ECO, SCO) and the Role of
Pakistan
VI. Civil-Military Relations in Pakistan
VII. Economic Challenges in Pakistan
VIII. Non-Traditional Security Threats in Pakistan: Role of Non-State Actors
IX. Pakistan’s Role in the Region
X. The Palestine Issue
XI. Changing Security Dynamics for Pakistan: Challenges to National Security of
Pakistan
XII. Political Evolution Since 1971
XIII. Pakistan and US War on Terror
XIV. Foreign Policy of Pakistan Post 9/11
XV. Evolution of Democratic System in Pakistan
XVI. Ethnic Issues and National Integration
XVII. Hydro Politics; Water Issues in Domestic and Regional Context
XVIII. Pakistan’s National Interest
XIX. Challenges to Sovereignty
XX. Pakistan’s Energy Problems and their Effects
XXI. Pakistan’s Relations with Neighbors excluding India
XXII. Pakistan and India Relations Since 1947
XXIII. The Kashmir Issue
XXIV. The war in Afghanistan since 1979 and its impact on, and challenges to
Pakistan in the Post 2014 era.
XXV. Proxy Wars: Role of External Elements
XXVI. Economic Conditions of Pakistan, the Most Recent Economic Survey, the
Previous and Current Budgets, and the Problems and Performance of Major
Sectors of Economy.
XXVII. The Recent Constitutional and Legal Debates, the Latest Constitutional
Amendments and Important Legislations, Legal Cases and the Role of Higher
Courts.
XXVIII. The Prevailing Social Problems of Pakistan and the Strategies to Deal with Them,
Poverty, Education, Health and Sanitation.
Paper: Islamic Studies (100 Marks)
I. Introduction to Islam.
• Concept of Islam.
• Importance of Din in Human Life.
• Difference between Din and Religion.
• Distinctive Aspects of Islam.
• Islamic Beliefs & its Impact on Individual & Society and the Fundamental of Islam
• Islamic Worships: Spiritual, Moral and Social Impact.
II. Study of Sirah of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) as Role Model for:-
• Individual
• Diplomat
• Educator
• Military Strategist
• Peace Maker
III. Human Rights & Status of Woman in Islam.
• Human Rights and Status of Woman in Islam
• Dignity of Men and Women
IV. Islamic Civilization and Culture:
• Meanings and the Vital Elements
• Role of Civilization in Development of Human Personality and Community
• Characteristics of Islamic Civilization (Tawhid, Self-purification, Dignity of Man,
Equality, Social Justice, Moral Values, Tolerance, Rule of Law)
V. Islam and the World.
• Impact of Islamic Civilization on the West and Vice Versa
• The Role of Islam in the Modern World.
• Muslim World and the Contemporary Challenges.
• Rise of Extremism.
VI. Public Administration and Governance in Islam
• Concept of Public Administration in Islam
• Quranic Guidance on Good Governance
• Concept of Governance and its Applications in the light of Qur’an, Sunnah and
Fiqh.
• Governance Structure in Islam (Shura, Legislation, Sources of Islamic Law)
• Governance under Pious Khilafat
• Particular letters of Hazrat Umar (R.A) and Hazrat Ali (R.A) to different Authority.
• Responsibilities of Civil Servants
• System of Accountability(hisbah) in Islam
VII. Islamic Code of Life.
• Salient Features of Islamic System, Social System, Political System, Economic
System, Judicial System, Administrative System,
• Procedure of Ijma and Ijtihad
Comparative Study of Major Religions (For non muslim candidates)
Paper: Comparative Study of Major Religions
(100 Marks)
(Alternative Paper in Lieu of the Compulsory Islamic Studies)
I. Introduction
▪ Definition(s) of religion
▪ Emergence of the study of religion as a discipline
▪ Theological and academic study of religion
▪ An overview of religious landscape of the World
II. Hinduism
▪ Historical Background: Indus valley civilization, Aryan invasion theory, Vedic
Dharma, Brahmanism
▪ Scriptures: Sruti: Vedas, Upanishads, Smirti: Manu Smirti, Sutras, Puranas, Great
epics: Ramayana, Mahabharata
▪ Hindu Doctrines: Dharma, Vedanta, Karma, Transmigration of Souls, Moksha
(Liberation)
▪ Ways to Liberation: Karma marga (Works/Rituals), Jnana marga (Wisdom),
Bhakti marga (Devotion)
▪ Hindu gods: Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva, Trimurti, other gods and divinities
▪ Major Hindu Sects: Vaishavism (Manifestation avatars), Saivism (Supreme God &
Phallic worship), Saktism (Goddess worship)
▪ Hindu society: Caste System, Ashramas (Stages of life)
▪ Hinduism in the Modern World: 19th century reform and revival movements,
Contemporary Hindu Tendencies and movements
III. Buddhism
▪ Historical Background: Life of Gautama Buddha, Formation and spread of
Buddhism, Rivalry between Brahmanism and &Buddhism
▪ Scriptures: Tripitaka: Sutta Pitaka, Vinaya Pitaka, Abhidhamma Pitaka
▪ Teachings and Doctrines: Three Jewels of Buddhism: Buddha, Dhamma,
Sangha, The four noble truths, Eight fold Path
▪ Buddhist Sects: Theravadas (Hinayana), Mahayana, other schools and sects
▪ Buddhism in the Modern world
IV. Judaism
▪ A brief history of Jews and Judaism: From Abraham to Moses, peace be upon
them all, From Moses to establishment of Jewish rule, Destruction of Jerusalem
and dispersion of Jews in the world,
▪ Jewish Scriptures: Tanakh (The Torah, the Prophets, and the Writings), Mishnah
and Talmud
▪ Articles of faith and basic teachings: Ten Commandments, The thirteen principles
of faith propounded by Moses Maimonides (1138-1204)
▪ Jewish holidays and festivals: Yom Kippur (The Day of Atonement), Pesach
(Passover), Sukkot (Tabernacles) Purim
▪ Jewish Worship: Daily prayer, fasting, Sabbath
▪ Jewish sects and movements: Orthodox Judaism, Conservative Judaism, Reform
Judaism, Zionism, Kabbalah, Hasidism
V. Christianity
▪ Historical background: Jewish background of Christianity, Life and of Jesus Christ
(Through the Four Gospels), Life and the role of Paul (Through the Letters of
Paul), Formation and spread of the Christian Church, Christianization of the
Roman Empire, Reform movement
▪ Scriptures: The Holy Bible (Old Testament and New Testament)
▪ Basic Doctrines: Original Sin, Incarnation of God, Crucifixion and Resurrection of
Jesus Christ, Atonement, Trinity
▪ Christian Sects: Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Protestantism
Sub-denominations: Lutherans, Reformed and Presbyterians, Anglicans,
Baptists, Methodists, Unitarians
▪ Christian Festivals and Holidays: Advent, Christmas, Easter, Pentecost
▪ Christian worship and Sacraments: Baptism, Eucharist, Communion, Lord’s
Supper, prayer, fasting, psalms, music,
▪ Christianity in the Modern Times: Encounter with modernity, modern theological
trends, Missionary movement, Dialogue and relationship with other religions
VI. Islam
▪ Introduction and Historical Background: Islamic concept of religion, universality of
religion and diversity of shari‘ahs, Sirah (Life) of the Holy Prophet Muhammad,
peace be upon him, The era of rightly guided caliphs of Islam
▪ Sacred Scriptures: The Holy Quran, Hadith
▪ Basic Doctrines and Creed: Tawhid (Oneness of God), Risalah (Belief in Prophets
and finality of the prophet-hood with the Prophet Muhammad), Akhirah (Belief in
Hereafter and the final reckoning by Allah the Almighty), Belief in angels, previous
scriptures, predestination and human responsibility before God, infallibility of the
Quran
▪ Five Pillars of Islam: Utterance of Shahadatayn (To proclaim the Oneness of Allah
and that Prophet Muhammad is his messenger, salah (five daily prayers), zakah
(compulsory charity), sawm (fasting in the month of Ramadan) and Hajj (pilgrimage
to Makkah who can afford travelling to it)
▪ Other Teachings of Islam: Equality of mankind, simplicity, spiritual purity and bodily
hygiene, patience, contentment, moderation, social justice, Jihad, tolerance
towards other religions,
▪ Sects and Schools: Sunnis (mainstream Muslims), Shi‘ahs (Special devotion for
Hazrat Ali and Family of the Prophet), Khawarij (literalists), Mu‘tazilah (rationalists)
▪ Contemporary Islamic movements and tendencies: Ikwan al Muslimun (Muslim
Brotherhood), Jama‘at-i-Islami, Tablighi Jama‘at, Salafi movement, Fethullah
Gulen movement in Turkey, Iranian revolution, extremist groups.
