The Nehru Report was drafted in 1928 as a response to the British challenge that Indians frame a constitution agreeable to all communities. It was prepared under the chairmanship of Motilal Nehru, with prominent leaders like Jawaharlal Nehru and Tej Bahadur Sapru involved. The report was the first major Indian effort to draft a constitutional framework for self-rule.

The report proposed dominion status for India, a parliamentary system, and fundamental rights for citizens. However, it rejected separate electorates for Muslims and proposed joint electorates, which was a major point of contention for the All-India Muslim League.

Muslim leaders, especially Muhammad Ali Jinnah, criticized the report, as it failed to accommodate Muslim political safeguards, like separate electorates, adequate minority representation, and protection of religious and cultural rights. In response, Jinnah presented the Fourteen Points in 1929, outlining Muslim demands.

The Nehru Report deepened communal divisions and marked the decline of Hindu-Muslim cooperation. Though it was a significant step toward constitutional development, its failure to achieve consensus reflected the growing religious polarization, eventually leading to the idea of separate nationhood.