Dr. Abdul Qadeer Khan (1936–2021) is known as the father of Pakistan’s nuclear program. Born in Bhopal, India, he migrated to Pakistan after partition and later pursued higher education in Germany, Netherlands, and Belgium, specializing in metallurgical engineering. He worked at a nuclear facility in the Netherlands before returning to Pakistan in 1976.

Dr. AQ Khan played a pivotal role in developing Pakistan’s uranium enrichment program at Kahuta Research Laboratories (KRL). His efforts were instrumental in making Pakistan a nuclear power, especially in response to India’s 1974 nuclear test. Under his leadership, Pakistan successfully conducted nuclear tests on 28 May 1998, establishing a credible nuclear deterrent.

He is celebrated as a national hero for safeguarding Pakistan’s security. However, in 2004, Dr. Khan faced allegations of nuclear proliferation, which he later accepted under pressure and was placed under house arrest.

Despite controversies, Dr. AQ Khan remains a symbol of scientific achievement and national pride. He was awarded the Nishan-e-Imtiaz twice for his services. He passed away on 10 October 2021, and was given a state funeral, with wide public mourning.